Results from the PREVention of Diabetes through Lifestyle Intervention and Population Studies in Europe and around the World (PREVIEW) study will be presented at 4:00 p.m. Saturday in S-203 (South, Level 2). ADAMeetingNews.org asked PREVIEW study investigator Jennie Brand-Miller, PhD, AM FAA, to discuss on the background, objective, and the significance of the study. Dr. Brand-Miller is Professor of Human Nutrition in the School of Life and Environmental Sciences at the University of Sydney, Australia.
Study Background
Dr. Brand-Miller: Prediabetes is very common, with as many as one in three of us at a very high risk of developing type 2 diabetes within a short timeframe. We know lifestyle interventions (weight loss with diet plus exercise) reduce the risk by as much as 60%. In PREVIEW, we asked if there’s a more efficient way to prevent diabetes. Specifically, is there a superior dietary strategy or superior exercise regime?
Objective/Methods
Dr. Brand-Miller: PREVIEW is the first multinational diabetes prevention randomized controlled trial and the first to use total meal replacements—also known as formula or low-calorie diets—producing fast weight loss in just eight weeks. Over 2,300 adult participants were enrolled at eight sites around the world.
If participants lost 8% of body weight or more, they were eligible to enter the weight loss maintenance phase. In this phase, we compared two diet compositions—one with higher protein plus lower glycemic index versus the conventional healthy diet (with moderate protein and moderate glycemic index)—for three years. Within each dietary group, we also compared two exercise strategies—one consisting of moderate intensity, e.g. walking for 30 minutes a day, five days a week; and one with high intensity, e.g. jogging for 15 minutes a day, five days a week.
Signficance
Dr. Brand-Miller: Greater weight loss in the weight loss phase may be the key to preventing type 2 diabetes, and there may be many healthy diets to choose from for weight loss maintenance. Moving forward, we will be looking to determine the role of sleep and stress as modifiers of weight loss maintenance and diabetes prevention. Our observational population studies will also determine whether higher protein diets and lower glycemic diets are associated with reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes.